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Analysis

Former Foreign Minister Zarif’s Balancing Act on the Israel-Hamas Conflict

The November 21 edition of the Iran Media Review examines former Iranian Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif’s calculated stance on the Israel-Hamas conflict.

Ali Alfoneh

4 min read

Neither a hard-liner nor a reformist, former Iranian Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif is an apparatchik, a man of the system harboring political ambitions. As such, it is no surprise that he on the one hand follows the regime’s line of extending support to Hamas but on the other recently emphasized that Iran is not obliged to “fight the war of the downtrodden.”

  • November 8: During the “Palestine Issue According to International Law” conference, Zarif said, as quoted by reformist Jamaran News:
    • “We cannot consider” Israeli “settlers, who are armed and kill Palestinians, as civilians just because they are not wearing a military uniform … Well, children, the elderly, and the like are civilians, but living in settlements itself is illegal … Imagine if the Iraqis who invaded Iran” in 1980 “started settlements” on Iranian territory. “Would we have been obliged to respect their rights? They are elements of occupation. We are in need of establishing a standard. In an occupied land, the occupying force has only obligations and no rights.” The Israeli government “has neither the right to establish order nor the right to imprison or execute” the occupied people.
    • Turning to public opinion in Iran and the role of Iran in the conflict, Zarif continued: “Our people should accept that we must defend what is right, but defending what is right does not mean deploying forces. Right now, the best way of defending the rights of the Palestinian nation is to not allow Israel to call Palestinians ‘a proxy’ … As stated in our constitution, the solution for Iran is to defend the downtrodden, but we are not supposed to fight the war of the downtrodden. In foreign policy, one thing is having influence and another thing is getting involved. These issues are contradictory. I also believe the people” of Iran “are tired of paying a price. There is no need for us to pay a price” by getting involved. “We are capable of defending what is right.”

The views represented herein are the author's or speaker's own and do not necessarily reflect the views of AGSI, its staff, or its board of directors.

Ali Alfoneh

Senior Fellow, AGSI

Analysis

The Committee of Six and Strategic Decision Making in Iran

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Mohsen Rezaei at the Helm of Iran’s Supreme National Security Council

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The Islamic Republic Returns to Offense

After U.S.-Israeli strikes killed Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei on February 28, Iran’s collective leadership has concluded that the best defense is a good offense.

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Iran's parliamentary speaker and top negotiator, Mohammad-Bagher Qalibaf, and foreign minister, Abbas Araghchi, listen to Abolfazl Amouei, Qalibaf's international affairs assistant, during a flight to Switzerland, June 21. (Hamed Malekpour/ICANA via AP)
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Events

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Is the U.S.-Iran Stalemate a “New Normal” or the Prelude to Another Explosion?

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President Donald J. Trump speaks to the United Nations General Assembly, Sept. 22, 2026, at the UN headquarters. (AP Photo/Julia Demaree Nikhinson)
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A view of Iran's nuclear enrichment facility in Natanz, Iran, on April, 9, 2007. (AP Photo/Hasan Sarbakhshian, File)
A view of Iran's nuclear enrichment facility in Natanz, Iran, on April, 9, 2007. (AP Photo/Hasan Sarbakhshian, File)

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In this photo released by the Pakistan Foreign Ministry, Iran's Parliament Speaker Mohammad Bagher Qalibaf, center right, and Iran's Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi, center left, are greeted by Pakistan Foreign Minister Ishaq Dar, right, and Army Chief Field Marshal Gen. Asim Munir, left, upon their arrival at Nur Khan airbase in Rawalpindi, Pakistan, April 11. (Pakistan Ministry of Foreign Affairs via AP)
In this photo released by the Pakistani Foreign Ministry, Iranian Speaker of Parliament Mohammad Bagher Qalibaf, center right, and Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi, center left, are greeted by Pakistani Foreign Minister Ishaq Dar, right, and Army Chief Field Marshal Gen. Asim Munir, left, upon their arrival at Nur Khan air base in Rawalpindi, Pakistan, April 11. (Pakistani Ministry of Foreign Affairs via AP)

Mar 18, 2026

In Its Conflict With the United States and Israel, Does Escalation Favor Iran?

On March 18, AGSI hosted a discussion on the escalation of the Iran war.

Firefighters try to extinguish flames at the site of a direct hit by an Iranian missile strike in Holon, central Israel, March 13,. (AP Photo/Ohad Zwigenberg)
Firefighters try to extinguish flames at the site of a direct hit by an Iranian missile strike in Holon, central Israel, March 13. (AP Photo/Ohad Zwigenberg)
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