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Analysis

Real or Overhyped? Israel’s Encirclement by Iran-Allied Militias

The March 29 edition of the Iran Media Review highlights triumphant commentary on Iranian-backed militia attacks against Israel.

Ali Alfoneh

3 min read

Since the October 7, 2023 Hamas-led attack on Israel and the ensuing war in Gaza, the Iranian media has widely reported on attacks by Iran’s allies and proxies against Israel. While no real threat to the survival of the Jewish state, the attacks serve to create a sense of encirclement in Israel, which explains why Iran’s state-censored media, particularly mouthpieces of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, focuses on militia provocations against Israel.

  • March 21: IRGC mouthpiece Tasnim News, quoting Houthi leader Abdul Malik al-Houthi, wrote:
    • “The Zionist genocide is proof of their crimes … The genocide is also a proof of the moral collapse … of the United States, the self-declared leader of the civilized world.”
    • Turning to specific targets in Israel, the Houthi leader continued: “Umm Al-Rashrash port, called Eilat by the enemy, has become totally crippled, and this impacts their economy … Last week, we launched 18 ballistic missiles and drones in support of Gaza. In total, we have so far launched 479 missiles and drones in support of Gaza. The Americans have put us under pressure to stop our operations in defense of Gaza, but America is the greatest murderer and destroyer in history. We have plans to deal harder blows to the Israeli enemy in the future.”
  • March 21: IRGC mouthpiece Mashregh News, commenting on Iraqi Shia militia drone attacks against Israel, wrote:
    • “An informed source based in the war theater, discussing the aerial drone operations of the Iraqi resistance, said, ‘In the latest operation, the resistance not only destroyed Zionist air defense systems, but their systems also failed to detect the aerial drone … The Zionists constantly brag about their air defense capabilities, but the inefficacy of their systems is now apparent to all.’”

The views represented herein are the author's or speaker's own and do not necessarily reflect the views of AGSI, its staff, or its board of directors.

Ali Alfoneh

Senior Fellow, AGSI

Analysis

The Pragmatist Who Came In From the Cold: Ali Larijani, Iran’s New Supreme National Security Council Secretary

An Iraqi-born native of Najaf but an unmistakably Iranian nationalist, Ali Larijani is expected to leverage his record of bureaucratic competence and global fluency to coordinate Iran’s security bureaucracy.

Ali Alfoneh

2 min read

Iranian Secretary of Supreme National Security Council Ali Larijani, greets journalists upon his arrival to meet with the Lebanese parliament speaker Nabih Berri, in Beirut, Lebanon, Aug. 13. (AP Photo/Bilal Hussein)

Iran: Perilous Policy Paralysis

Confronted with the clear and present danger posed by Israel, Iran’s collective leadership appears mired in policy paralysis, leaving Iran strategically adrift.

Ali Alfoneh

7 min read

Iranian Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei speaks during a meeting with Iran's president, Masoud Pezeshkian, and his cabinet in Tehran, Iran, August 27, 2024. (Office of the Iranian Supreme Leader/WANA /Handout via REUTERS)

Iran: Emergence of Collective Leadership Amid Low-Intensity Conflict

Israel’s ongoing low-intensity warfare has marginalized Iran's supreme leader and empowered a collective leadership.

Ali Alfoneh

7 min read

Iranian Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei and President Masoud Pezeshkian attend an endorsement ceremony in Tehran, Iran, July 28, 2024. (Office of the Iranian Supreme Leader/WANA /Handout via REUTERS)

Iran’s Strategic Dilemma: Capitulation or Parity?

The current cease-fire may just be an interregnum between rounds of conflict between Israel and Iran, as Iranian decision makers appear more inclined to pursue strategic parity than capitulate.

Ali Alfoneh

7 min read

Iran's army commander-in-chief General Amir Hatami attends a video call with top commanders in Zolfaghar central headquarters, Iran, June 23. (Iranian Army Press Service via AP)
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Events

Sep 16, 2025

Book Talk: Iran’s Grand Strategy: A Political History

On September 16, AGSI hosted a discussion on the roots of Iran's strategic outlook.

Women carry Iranian flags under the Azadi (freedom) monument tower during a rally commemorating the anniversary of the 1979 Islamic Revolution in Tehran, Iran, Feb. 10. (AP Photo/Vahid Salemi)
Women carry Iranian flags under the Azadi (freedom) monument tower during a rally commemorating the anniversary of the 1979 Islamic Revolution in Tehran, Iran, Feb. 10. (AP Photo/Vahid Salemi)

Jun 23, 2025

U.S. Strike on Iran: Regional and Diplomatic Fallout

On June 23, AGSI hosted a discussion on the United States' attack on Iranian nuclear sites.

President Donald J. Trump speaks from the East Room of the White House in Washington, June 21, after the U.S. military struck three Iranian nuclear and military sites, as Vice President JD Vance, Secretary of State Marco Rubio, and Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth listen. (Carlos Barria/Pool via AP)
President Donald J. Trump speaks from the East Room of the White House in Washington, June 21, after the U.S. military struck three Iranian nuclear and military sites, as Vice President JD Vance, Secretary of State Marco Rubio, and Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth listen. (Carlos Barria/Pool via AP)

Jun 16, 2025

Assessing Iranian, U.S., and Gulf Reactions and Options Following Israel’s Unprecedented Attack on Iran

On June 16, AGSI hosted a discussion on Israel's attack on Iran.

Rescuers work at the scene of a damaged building in the aftermath of Israeli strikes, in Tehran, Iran, June 13. (Majid Asgaripour/WANA via REUTERS)
Rescuers work at the scene of a damaged building in the aftermath of Israeli strikes in Tehran, Iran, June 13. (Majid Asgaripour/WANA via REUTERS)

Apr 29, 2025

The Real Deal? Are Washington and Tehran Closer to a Compromise?

On April 29, AGSI hosted a discussion on the U.S.-Iranian nuclear negotiations.

Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi, left, meets his Omani counterpart Sayyid Badr Al Busaidi prior to negotiations with Special Envoy to the Middle East Steve Witkoff in Muscat, Oman, Saturday, April 12. (Iranian Foreign Ministry via AP)
In this photo released by Iranian Foreign Ministry, Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi, left, meets his Omani counterpart Sayyid Badr Albusaidi prior to negotiations with U.S. Mideast envoy Steve Witkoff in Muscat, Oman, Saturday, April 12, 2025. (Iranian Foreign Ministry via AP)
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