"*" indicates required fields

Subscribe

This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged.

By subscribing you agree to our Privacy Policy

Subscription Settings
Analysis

Former President Mohammad Khatami: Regime Reform or Destruction

The September 5 edition of the Iran Media Review highlights a forceful call for political reform by former President Mohammad Khatami.

Ali Alfoneh

3 min read

Mohammad Khatami, who served as Iran’s president from 1997 to 2005, was mockingly called “Ayatollah Gorbachev” by regime hard-liners, a reference to the Soviet leader whose reforms accelerated public demands for change and led to the undoing of the Soviet Union. Breaking almost two decades of political silence, Khatami is once again urging Iran to reform itself or brace for total destruction.

  • August 23: Addressing the Council of Muslim Political Prisoners Imprisoned Prior to the Revolution, Khatami said, as quoted by reformist Ensaf News:
    • “Political regimes must have the ability to reform themselves.” The inability of regimes to correct themselves, Khatami said, “harms Islam, the people, and Iran itself, which will be dealt irreparable damage.”
    • Calling the middle class the “engine of society,” Khatami asked: “Where is the middle class? A part of it has been suppressed to the level of the unprivileged classes. Some emigrated, and the rest who have remained in the country are struggling with all sorts of problems.”
    • Using uncharacteristically strong words to attack President Ebrahim Raisi and the practice of political filtering of candidates, Khatami continued: “The people are not slaves. Bring someone to office who is capable of doing the job and answering the needs of the people. Now, if you say, ‘We are in power, and this is the way it is’ – well, why do you do it in the name of Islam?”
    • Looking back at the 1979 referendum in which the vast majority of Iranian voters voted in favor of the establishment of the Islamic Republic, Khatami asked: “What if we had told people that this republic on the ballot neither respects the vote of the people nor popular sovereignty. It is a republic in which the Parliament has no meaning. Would the people have voted for such a regime? Is the ‘Islamic’ that appears as the prefix to our ‘Republic’ the same as the Islam explained in Neauphle-le-Chateau?” referencing Grand Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini’s statements while in exile in France. “This Islam, meaning this particular interpretation of Islam” dominant in the Islamic Republic today, “is not compatible with republicanism, democracy, and the rule of the people. This is the root cause of all inefficacies.”
    • Concluding his remarks, Khatami said: “We do not regret the revolution, nor am I dismissing the Islamic Republic, but we are saying that the present state of affairs is far from the Islamic Republic … A regime whose goals are not development, welfare, and justice – in the real meaning of the word – will not last. As I have said before: If you do not reform yourself, your destruction is assured.”
    • Asked about parliamentary elections in a question and answer session, Khatami said: “Elections are held for the sake of the people, and elections must be real. You can’t bind someone’s hands and feet and say, ‘Swim’! When all the doors are shut and large parts of the people do not have any candidate” representing their viewpoints, “for whom should the people vote?”

The views represented herein are the author's or speaker's own and do not necessarily reflect the views of AGSI, its staff, or its board of directors.

Ali Alfoneh

Senior Fellow, AGSI

Analysis

The Pragmatist Who Came In From the Cold: Ali Larijani, Iran’s New Supreme National Security Council Secretary

An Iraqi-born native of Najaf but an unmistakably Iranian nationalist, Ali Larijani is expected to leverage his record of bureaucratic competence and global fluency to coordinate Iran’s security bureaucracy.

Ali Alfoneh

2 min read

Iranian Secretary of Supreme National Security Council Ali Larijani, greets journalists upon his arrival to meet with the Lebanese parliament speaker Nabih Berri, in Beirut, Lebanon, Aug. 13. (AP Photo/Bilal Hussein)

Iran: Perilous Policy Paralysis

Confronted with the clear and present danger posed by Israel, Iran’s collective leadership appears mired in policy paralysis, leaving Iran strategically adrift.

Ali Alfoneh

7 min read

Iranian Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei speaks during a meeting with Iran's president, Masoud Pezeshkian, and his cabinet in Tehran, Iran, August 27, 2024. (Office of the Iranian Supreme Leader/WANA /Handout via REUTERS)

Iran: Emergence of Collective Leadership Amid Low-Intensity Conflict

Israel’s ongoing low-intensity warfare has marginalized Iran's supreme leader and empowered a collective leadership.

Ali Alfoneh

7 min read

Iranian Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei and President Masoud Pezeshkian attend an endorsement ceremony in Tehran, Iran, July 28, 2024. (Office of the Iranian Supreme Leader/WANA /Handout via REUTERS)

Iran’s Strategic Dilemma: Capitulation or Parity?

The current cease-fire may just be an interregnum between rounds of conflict between Israel and Iran, as Iranian decision makers appear more inclined to pursue strategic parity than capitulate.

Ali Alfoneh

7 min read

Iran's army commander-in-chief General Amir Hatami attends a video call with top commanders in Zolfaghar central headquarters, Iran, June 23. (Iranian Army Press Service via AP)
View All

Events

Sep 16, 2025

Book Talk: Iran’s Grand Strategy: A Political History

On September 16, AGSI hosted a discussion on the roots of Iran's strategic outlook.

Women carry Iranian flags under the Azadi (freedom) monument tower during a rally commemorating the anniversary of the 1979 Islamic Revolution in Tehran, Iran, Feb. 10. (AP Photo/Vahid Salemi)
Women carry Iranian flags under the Azadi (freedom) monument tower during a rally commemorating the anniversary of the 1979 Islamic Revolution in Tehran, Iran, Feb. 10. (AP Photo/Vahid Salemi)

Jun 23, 2025

U.S. Strike on Iran: Regional and Diplomatic Fallout

On June 23, AGSI hosted a discussion on the United States' attack on Iranian nuclear sites.

President Donald J. Trump speaks from the East Room of the White House in Washington, June 21, after the U.S. military struck three Iranian nuclear and military sites, as Vice President JD Vance, Secretary of State Marco Rubio, and Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth listen. (Carlos Barria/Pool via AP)
President Donald J. Trump speaks from the East Room of the White House in Washington, June 21, after the U.S. military struck three Iranian nuclear and military sites, as Vice President JD Vance, Secretary of State Marco Rubio, and Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth listen. (Carlos Barria/Pool via AP)

Jun 16, 2025

Assessing Iranian, U.S., and Gulf Reactions and Options Following Israel’s Unprecedented Attack on Iran

On June 16, AGSI hosted a discussion on Israel's attack on Iran.

Rescuers work at the scene of a damaged building in the aftermath of Israeli strikes, in Tehran, Iran, June 13. (Majid Asgaripour/WANA via REUTERS)
Rescuers work at the scene of a damaged building in the aftermath of Israeli strikes in Tehran, Iran, June 13. (Majid Asgaripour/WANA via REUTERS)

Apr 29, 2025

The Real Deal? Are Washington and Tehran Closer to a Compromise?

On April 29, AGSI hosted a discussion on the U.S.-Iranian nuclear negotiations.

Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi, left, meets his Omani counterpart Sayyid Badr Al Busaidi prior to negotiations with Special Envoy to the Middle East Steve Witkoff in Muscat, Oman, Saturday, April 12. (Iranian Foreign Ministry via AP)
In this photo released by Iranian Foreign Ministry, Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi, left, meets his Omani counterpart Sayyid Badr Albusaidi prior to negotiations with U.S. Mideast envoy Steve Witkoff in Muscat, Oman, Saturday, April 12, 2025. (Iranian Foreign Ministry via AP)
View All